In cognitive-behavioral therapy, what is a cognitive distortion?

Cognitive distortions refer to irrational or exaggerated thoughts that can negatively impact a person’s emotional well-being and behavior. These distortions often involve a skewed perception of reality, leading individuals to view situations in a biased or overly negative manner. In cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), recognizing and addressing these distortions is a key focus, as they can contribute to mental health issues such as anxiety and depression.

For example, someone may engage in "catastrophizing," where they assume the worst possible outcome in a situation, despite there being no evidence to support that belief. This type of distorted thinking can lead to increased feelings of hopelessness or helplessness. By identifying and challenging these cognitive distortions, individuals can learn to think more rationally and develop healthier coping strategies.

The other options do not align with the concept of cognitive distortions. Natural and healthy thoughts are characteristics of balanced thinking, while an accurate perception of reality reflects a clear, unbiased view of circumstances. A helpful coping mechanism would generally support positive mental health rather than reflect an irrational interpretation.