Which psychological approach emphasizes free will and self-actualization?

Humanistic psychology emphasizes the concepts of free will and self-actualization as core components of human experience. This approach focuses on the individual's capacity for personal growth and the inherent drive to realize one's full potential. Pioneers of this perspective, such as Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow, advocate for the importance of self-exploration, personal responsibility, and the pursuit of meaning in life.

Unlike cognitive-behavioral psychology, which centers on modifying maladaptive thoughts and behaviors, humanistic psychology places greater emphasis on the subjective experience of individuals. It believes that people are inherently good and possess the ability to make choices that lead to positive outcomes.

Psychoanalytic theory, developed by Sigmund Freud, focuses on unconscious motivations and conflicts, which contrasts sharply with the humanistic emphasis on conscious choice and personal growth. Behaviorism, on the other hand, is rooted in observable behaviors and environmental influences, largely dismissing internal states like free will and self-actualization as key drivers of behavior.

Overall, the humanistic approach stands out for its focus on individual agency and the potential for self-fulfillment, making it the most fitting answer in this context.